What are some common signs of pain in dogs during an exam?

Signs of pain in dogs during an exam can manifest in several distinct behaviors and physical cues. When a dog is experiencing discomfort or distress, it may whimper as a vocalization response to express its discomfort. Additionally, a reluctance to move can indicate that the dog associates movement with pain, leading them to avoid it. Guarding specific areas of their body is another clear signal, as dogs may instinctively protect an injured or painful site. Changes in behavior, such as increased aggression or withdrawal from social interactions, can also suggest that a dog is in pain.

In contrast, other answer choices present signs that are typically not indicative of pain. For example, excessive barking and increased energy levels usually signify excitement or anxiety rather than discomfort. Similarly, a relaxed posture, tail wagging, and playful behavior generally convey a state of contentment rather than pain. Lastly, a calm demeanor and normal appetite indicate a dog that is likely feeling well, which stands in stark contrast to pain indicators. Understanding these signs can help veterinary professionals accurately assess a dog's condition during examinations.