What area is primarily assessed in rectal exams for male dogs?

In rectal exams for male dogs, the primary area assessed is the prostate. This examination allows veterinarians to evaluate the size, shape, and consistency of the prostate gland, which can provide essential information about the dog's overall health, particularly regarding conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, or prostate cancer. The rectal examination technique facilitates direct palpation of the prostate, making it an invaluable tool for diagnosing issues related to this organ.

While the pelvic region and rectal wall can be involved in the overall assessment, the main focus during a rectal exam specifically in male dogs is the prostate. The kidneys are not assessed through this examination, as they are located higher in the abdominal cavity and not accessible via rectal palpation. Thus, the primary purpose of the rectal exam in male dogs centers on the evaluation of the prostate.