What is checked during the musculoskeletal exam portion of a physical exam?

During the musculoskeletal exam portion of a physical examination, the focus is primarily on assessing the joints, muscles, and overall movement of the canine. Joint movement and flexibility are critical components because they provide insight into the function and health of the musculoskeletal system.

By evaluating how each joint moves through its range of motion, a veterinarian can identify any restrictions, pain, or abnormalities such as swelling or crepitus (a crackling sound). Additionally, assessing flexibility helps determine if a dog is experiencing stiffness or has developed any conditions like arthritis or tendon injuries.

While aspects like weight and height, temperature and pulse, and skin hydration are important in a thorough physical examination, they pertain to different systems within the body. The musculoskeletal exam specifically targets the assessment of the dog's movements and the structural integrity of bones, joints, and muscles, which is essential for diagnosing issues related to mobility and overall physical condition.